Lieutenant Paul Allen and Marine Wayne McGregor of 7 Troop were both wounded activating anti-personnel mines. The Battle of Mount Tumbledown was an engagement in the Falklands War, one of a series of battles that took place during the British advance towards Stanley. In the gathering gloom a force of some 30 Scots Guards of Headquarters Company, supported by four light tanks of the Blues and Royals, moved south toward nearby Mount William in a bid to draw the enemys attention. Studying the memories of veterans alongside historical sources and the archaeological remains would enable a unique and "enhanced understanding of events", he explained. "I was 33 and I had been serving for around 15 years. Seeing their company commander among the Argentinians inspired 14 and 15 Platoons to make the final dash across open ground to get within bayoneting distance of the remaining 4th Platoon Marines. List of aircraft of the Malaysian Armed Forces, (The Sinking of the Belgrano, Arthur Gavshon and Desmond Rice pg. Meanwhile, the United States, concerned Argentina might draw the Soviet Union into the fight as an ally, tried to stem the conflict diplomatically. The 4th Platoon, led by Sub-Lieutenant Carlos Daniel Vzquez, was dug in near the summit of Tumbledown, covering the western approaches to the peak. Once through, we dug in at the base of a hill, only to find that it was still occupied by Argentine troops. The explosions prompted the Argentine Marine Major Antonio Pernas to order the 81mm mortar platoon on Mount William and the longer-ranged 120mm mortars attached to 'C' Company, 3rd Infantry Regiment on Sapper Hill to open fire on the minefield and the likely withdrawal route of anyone attacking Mount William. Moving up, the men of Left Flank, however, soon found themselves engaged in hand-to-hand fighting with fixed bayonets. Captain Eduardo Villarraza's N Company from the 5th Marine Battalion, would defend Mounts Tumbledown and William. They were detected, however, and the British were briefly pinned down by gunfire before a bayonet charge overwhelmed the Argentinian defenders. VideoRecord numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. [10] The 5th Marines worked their way back into Stanley, leaving M Company to cover the retreat. The British plan called for a diversionary attack south of Mount Tumbledown by a small number of the Scots Guards assisted by the four light tanks of the Blues and Royals, whilst the main attack came as a three-phase silent advance from the west of Mount Tumbledown. He was immediately replaced on the machine gun and two Royal Marines gave him morphine and first aid." For further reading he recommends Tumbledown: When the Fighting Is Over, by John Lawrence and Robert Lawrence; Reassessing the Fighting Performance of Conscript Soldiers During the Malvinas/ Falklands War (1982), by Alejandro L. Corbacho; and The Battle for the Falklands, by Max Hastings and Simon Jenkins. Marine Private Jorge Sanchez recalled: The fighting was sporadic, but at times fierce, as we tried to maintain our position. Close to the heart of any Scots. The Guards took 30 prisoners, several of them RI 6 soldiers. Did surely speed the warring parties pact. History is who we are and why we are the way we are.. Lieutenant-Colonel (Retired) Rod Eldridge from Waterloo Uncovered assisted the project in his capacity as a mental health professional and said the archaeological work helped support the veterans' "new and updated appraisals of what happened during the battle for Tumbledown". On 1 May, a Royal Navy bombardment of Sapper Hill killed Private Daniel Cabiglioli (from M Company). On Mount William's southern slopes, one of the tanks was taken out of action by a booby trap. Marines Coombes was badly wounded in the arm and a second man, who was not wearing a helmet, suffered a head wound." "There is still a lot of material out there, and if its location is recorded, it still has stories to tell," commented project co-director Prof Tony Pollard from Glasgow. This attack began at 20.30, and, just two hours later, the western side of Tumbledown Mountain had been successfully captured. [39] The 5th Marines worked their way back into Stanley, leaving the 2nd Platoon of Marine Second Lieutenant Marcelo Davis and 3rd Platoon of Marine Second Lieutenant Alejandro Koch of M Company to cover the retreat. From there 2 PARA was ordered to attack the Argentines at the Goose Green settlement. M Company occupied Sapper Hill. [14], After the battle, Pipe Major James Riddell of 2 SG stood near the top of the mountain and played his bagpipes. The most comprehensive and authoritative history site on the Internet. They have also recovered personal items and equipment to try to understand better what happened in the conflict. At 2:30a.m., however, a second British assault overwhelmed the men of the 4th and 12th Regiments but the survivors of Vazquez's 4th Platoon would continue fighting till about 7:00 am. While this might well describe a scenario from World War I, the date was in fact June 13, 1982, and the trenches in which the British troops huddled were carved not across some stretch of French countryside but into near-frozen tundra by the base of Mount Tumbledown in the subarctic Falkland Islands. The attack was launched on 13 June, with the Scots Guards moving closer to the Mount, with assistance from the Royal Marines Mountain and Arctic Warfare Cadre. Contents 1 Overview 2 Early moves 3 Diversion 4 Night attack 4.1 Left flank 5 Morning 6 Aftermath 7 Depictions 8 References Overview Oscar Luis Jofre and Flix Roberto Aguiar, "A small counter-attack did now take place, but was driven off, but not without further casualties, including a mortar bomb which killed two stretcher-bearers tending to the wounded.". At 4.30 p.m., on 7 June 1982, a British Harrier bombing positions held by the 5th Marine Battalion was hit by concentrated fire from M Company (under Marine Sub-Lieutenant Rodolfo Cionchi) on Sapper Hill. A daytime assault was initially planned, but was postponed at the British battalion commander's request. The team undertook a detailed drone survey of a number of areas of the battlefield to quickly and accurately record what currently survives in the field. [33]), On 13 June, a Welsh Guards messenger, bringing forward food supplies to Major Christopher Drewrywe's Number 2 Company (1WG), was killed when his motorbike ran over a mine. In 2012, Argentine journalist Nicolas Kasanzew wrote a tango called "Carlos Daniel Vazquez's Thermopylae", which is sung by Carlos Longoni. [8] Major John Kiszely's Left Flank passed through them and reached the central region of the peak unopposed, but then came under heavy fire.[9]. James D. Ladd, By Sea, by Land: The Royal Marines 1919-1997: An Authorised History, p. 403, HarperCollins, 2000, "The firefight rolled backwards and forwards. The project is the first time that war veterans have taken part in an archaeological survey of their own battlefield. The British fired antitank rockets at enemy positions, but the Argentines held, raining down mortar and machine-gun fire on the guardsmen. The obverse features key events set against the Union Flag in full colour and an intricate engraving of the Islands. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. For his bayonet charge Major Kiszely was awarded the Military Cross. Right Flank Company was then to advance through Left Flanks zone and secure Tumbledowns eastern flank. The firing gradually slowed down and the Argentines simply evacuated Sapper Hill, as the Royal Marines very slowly got to their feet." And never let men these acts forget, The attack was supported by naval gunfire from HMS Active's 4.5 inch gun. Lieutenant Robert Lawrence led 3 Platoon around to the right of the Argentinian platoon, hoping to take the Argentinians by surprise. However, when the Royal Marines and Welsh Guardsmen advanced they found Sapper Hill abandoned. It was, Lawrence wrote, out-and-out battle, the fullest possible fighting. Throwing himself into the thick of the fight, Major John Kiszely, Left Flanks commander, shot two enemy soldiers and bayoneted a third. In Argentine shelling directed by Marine Second Lieutenant Marcelo De Marco of the 5th Marines from his observation post on Tumbledown Mountain, four members of the Third Battalion, the Parachute Regiment and one REME craftsman had been killed on Mount Longdon and another seven paratroopers wounded. Major Oscar Ramon Jaimet's B (Bravo) Company, 6th Army Regiment was in reserve behind N Company. "A motorcycle messenger in the Welsh Guards was killed when he ran his bike over a mine after bringing rations up to the front line." Two Royal Navy submarines soon surfaced off the Falklands, while other warships sailed out of various British ports, and requisitioned civilian transport vesselsincluding the Cunard Line flagship Queen Elizabeth 2ferried ground forces to the islands. Thirty-three years ago this spring Argentina and Britain waged war over a contested patch of tundra in the bitter South Atlanticand many still wonder why, https://www.historynet.com/crags-of-tumbledown/, Jerrie Mock: Record-Breaking American Female Pilot. [1], During the battle, the 5th Marines Command Post took five direct hits, but Commander Robacio emerged unscathed.[2]. As they struggled to regain their momentum and continue the ascent, the Scots Guards encountered sniper fire from Argentine soldiers concealed on the highest crags. This footwear was "wholly inappropriate" for the Falklands weather and terrain but had been "carefully" placed there for safe keeping, said project co-director and Oxford University archaeologist Dr Tim Clack. They who made that lonely sacrifice As part of the British plan, 1/7 GR was given the task of capturing the sub-hill of Mount William held by O Company, the 5th Marine Battalion's reserve, and then allowing the Welsh Guards through to seize Sapper Hill, the final obstacle before Stanley. Carlos Robacio, BIM5 commander, was awarded the Argentine Nation to the Valour in Combat Medal and the battalion itself was decorated by the Argentine Congress in 2002 [13], Due to his actions on both Two Sisters and Tumbledown, Private Oscar Ismael Poltronieri of La Madrid's platoon was awarded the Argentine Nation to the Heroic Valour in Combat Cross, Argentina's highest military decoration. Falklands veterans of 2nd Battalion Scots Guards recount the bravery, fear, death and drama of the British Assault on Mount Tumbledown We Were There: Battle of Mount Tumbledown episode 5. season 1. People like me, on the other hand, only weeks previously had been doing the changing of the guard at Buckingham Palace; not exactly the greatest experience for fighting a war on some godforsaken island in the middle of nowhere.. As the guardsmen attempted a flank attack on the Argentine machine-gun position, the enemy gun crew immediately shifted its attention from Left Flank to them. The Welsh Guards had lost one dead, the Royal Engineers had also lost one dead, and the Gurkhas had sustained altogether 10 wounded. Originally published in the May 2015 issue of Military History. Simultaneously the Major opened fire, killing him.[4]. In the face of such punishing fire, explosions and booby traps, the guardsmen struggled on toward the summit, one man advancing while another covered him. Our troop then cleared a safe line through the minefield. They had been grievously misinformed. [10], Major Kiszely, who was to become a senior general after the war, was the first man into the 4th Platoon position, personally shooting two Argentinian conscripts and bayoneting a third, his bayonet breaking in two. I had only twenty rounds left and I decided to continue the fight from Mount William. Close to the heart of any Scots Guardsman, a battlefield study of Mount Tumbledown saw the party given an overview of the famous 1982 battle. Scots Guards hotel is opening (wait for it ..) now The Scotsman, 10 March 2007, http://www.lanacion.com.ar/1362425-un-heroe-todos-los-heroes, In his first interview in 20 years, Robert Lawrence tells Mark Townsend how the trauma of battle reshaped his life, Reassessing the Fighting Performance of the Argentine 5th Marines, Taken from the diary of Guardsman Tracy Evens, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia. This close-quarters night battle was later dramatised in the BBC film Tumbledown. Contents 1 Overview 2 Nacar Company deployment 2.1 4th Platoon deployment 3 Early moves 4 Diversion 5 Night attack 5.1 Left flank 6 Morning 7 Aftermath 8 Tumbledown after the war 9 References Despite the challenges, morale was high, for the British troops were preparing to end their misery by driving Argentine forces from the rugged escarpment before them. During the advance, they became bogged down in a minefield, which took them a very long and frustrating time to extract themselves from, after coming under fire from heavy mortars on Sapper Hill. The next day, the 1st Assault Section (under First Lieutenant Jos Martiniano Duarte) from the 601st Commando Company checked the boat for hidden explosives, then brought it back to Port Stanley for closer examination.[24]. Today David said: "Initially I was posted there in 1982 and I was involved in the training of battalion soldiers for the operation in the Falklands. BRITISH AIRCRAFT LOST 22nd April 12th June 1982", Un ejemplo de opreracin conjunta: Hrcules y Panhard, "The Crags of Mount Tumbledown (Jimmy Riddell)", "Tumbledown Veterans And Families Association > Home", "Notes - Band of the Scots Guards - the Household Division - Official site", "Crags of Tumbledown Mountain, the | Pipetunes", In his first interview in 20 years, Robert Lawrence tells Mark Townsend how the trauma of battle reshaped his life, Reassessing the Fighting Performance of the Argentine 5th Marines, Taken from the diary of Guardsman Tracy Evens, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Mount_Tumbledown&oldid=1117859240, The 1st Platoon, under by Marine Second Lieutenant (. The engagement was an attack by the British Army and the Royal Marines on the heights over-looking Stanley, the Falkland Islands capital. His was not the only tune written about the Falklands campaign. [8], Right Flank had achieved this at the cost of five wounded, including Lt. Lawrence. Privacy Policy, The 2nd Scots Guards were tasked with launching the attack on Mount Tumbledown and they were led by Lieutenant Colonel Mike Scott. According to Guardsman Mark Cape,[11] another three Guardsmen defending the summit were also wounded in this action, when Mio, De Marco and Privates Oscar Poltronieri and Carlos Muela attacked their position with hand grenades.[12]. Though repeatedly targeted, he miraculously suffered only a bullet strike to his compass. However, after he is shot in the head during the battle for Mount Tumbledown, he struggles . For the courage displayed in the attack, men from 2 SG were awarded one Distinguished Service Order, two Military Crosses, two Distinguished Conduct Medals (one posthumously) and two Military Medals. Terms of Use| The Guardsmen traded 66mm rockets and 84mm anti-tank rounds with the Argentinians, who were protected in their rock bunkers. I was shooting, doing my work. Forty years of exposure to the Falklands' harsh climate takes its toll. Fuel indications suggested a considerable fuel leak at the same time. There the group observed virtual and live firing demonstrations using rifles and pistols, before spending a night under the stars to try out night vision devices. But once returned across this vast sea, The battle seesawed for a full day and a night. [12] About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features Press Copyright Contact us Creators . In June, Lieutenant Reynoso's Recce Platoon reportedly exchanged small arms fire with a British patrol (possibly G Squadron from the SAS, who had commandeered a yacht at Bluff Cove Settlement to operate behind Tumbledown[25] and had also sent men forward in a helicopter[26]) infiltrated near Sapper Hill, prior to the final land battles. Manage all your favorite fandoms in one place! Tim Spicer, Desde el Frente, Carlos H. Robacio, Jorge Hernandez, p. 180, Centro Naval, Instituto de Publicaciones Navales, 1996, "During the attack, Macleod's aircraft was hit by shrapnel which penetrated the rear equipment bay area of the aircraft and fractured the aft reaction control air pipe. The number and variety of features had been a surprise, he added, and the survey had made it clear that events on other battlefields towards the end of the war, such as on Mount Longdon, had an effect on the Argentine defence of Tumbledown. The assaulting British forces were the 2nd Battalion, Scots Guards, 42 Commando, Royal Marines Mortar platoon and four light tanks of the Blues and Royals. Having landed-on, the fire was extinguished by the ground crew.". Video, At the crash site of 'no hope' - BBC reporter in Greece, Record numbers of guide dog volunteers after BBC story. Llegados al lugar, se pudo comprobar la exactitud del aviso: sobre la playa haba un bote neumtico en posicin invertida." DeSantis won't say he's running. This button displays the currently selected search type. Patrick Bishop and John Witherow. Marine Sub-Lieutenant Hctor Mino's 5th Platoon (1st Amphibious Engineer Company), held the rocks behind Sub-Lieutenant Carlos Vzquez's 4th Platoon, N Company. For their performance in the battle, men of the 2nd Battalion, Scots Guards, received two Distinguished Conduct Medals (one posthumously), two Military Medals, one Distinguished Service Order and two Military Crosses, one of which went to Lawrence. As the Guardsmen and Royal Marines consolidated their positions, the British lost a Volvo Bv 202 tracked vehicle to an anti-tank mine planted in the Sapper Hill sector. The Argentine Marine companies had been deeply entrenched and were well equipped with heavy machine guns. At 2:30a.m., however, a second British assault overwhelmed the Argentinian defences. Pairs of civilian shoes were found tucked neatly in rock crevices in some of the Argentines' temporary fortifications, or sangars. Mount Tumbledown. The 2nd Scots Guards were tasked with launching the attack on Mount Tumbledown and they were led by Lieutenant Colonel Mike Scott. Our commanding sahib was shouting. A half-hour into the engagement, shortly after 10 p.m., G Company commenced the assault on Tumbledown. The British plan called for a diversionary attack south of Mount Tumbledown by a small number of the Scots Guards, assisted by the four light tanks of the Blues and Royals, whilst the main attack came as a three-phase silent advance from the west of Mount Tumbledown. I took a rifle grenade and fired at where I had seen the first three men. Adding to the other-worldliness of the scene was a surprise blizzard that sent snow swirling around the silhouetted fighting figures. In a meeting with his company commanders the consensus was that the long uphill assault across the harsh ground of Tumbledown would be suicidal in daylight. From then on we fought from crag to crag, rock to rock, taking out pockets of enemy and lone riflemen, all of whom resisted fiercely. It was released as a single by the Pipes and Drums of 2SG a year later.[52][54]. Nick van der Bijl, 1st Battalion, 7th Duke of Edinburgh's Own Gurkha Rifles, Argentine Nation to the Valour in Combat Medal, Argentine Nation to the Heroic Valour in Combat Cross, http://www.britainssmallwars.com/Falklands/Tumbledown.htm, "Attenshun! They were eventually landed on the slopes of Sapper Hill just as 45 Commando were approaching, so both units attacked and captured the hill. On decelerating to the hover during the recovery, this caused a fire to start in the rear equipment bay and smoke as seen coming from the aircraft. Major Price placed 1 Platoon high up in the rocks to provide fire support for the assault troops. The unique project is documenting a number of Argentine defensive positions in the 1982 war, in particular for the decisive encounter on Mount Tumbledown. In the third phase, Right Flank would pass through Left Flank to secure the eastern end of Tumbledown. Wiser minds prevailed, and battalion commander Lt. Col. Michael Scott set the assault on Tumbledown for shortly after dusk on the 13th. Major Simon Price sent 2 and 3 Platoons forward, preceded by a barrage of 66mm rockets to clear the forward RI 6 platoon. Nor were they alone in their disapproval. Throughout the fight the mountain was bathed in unearthly light as star shell illumination rounds fired by British naval vessels fell slowly to earth on parachutes, casting long, eerie shadows over the craggy landscape. In addition to getting archaeological results, the whole project has been designed to help veterans with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to come to terms with their experiences. 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