Creamy Shrimp and Corn Soup in a Cast Iron Dutch Oven, Lodge Blacklock Review After 1 Year of Use, The Flat Top King is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. Palm is a type of oil that fractionates or separates when heated and cooled. have been found to produce toxic compounds (including those that cause cancer) when heated, Griddle Cooking Temperature 7 Things You Need to Know, Easy Greek Lamb Gyros with the BEST Marinade, Egg Roll in a Bowl Easy Low Carb Blackstone Griddle Recipe, 6 Flat Top Grill Accessories You Must Have for Your Outdoor Griddle, Chicken Smash Burgers on the Griddle Easy Chicken Burger Recipe, How to Season a Blackstone Griddle (Easy Step by Step Guide). Next morning, cooked two packages of bacon and let most of the grease stay on afterwards. It can be used as a 1:1 substitute for butter . These contribute to unhealthy cholesterol levels which can cause a higher risk of heart disease. When seasoning cast iron its important to BURN the oil into your pan thus creating a Black Patina. Lets look at the fatty acid composition of regular palm oil. Many cast iron skillets that you purchase (like those from Lodge) will come pre-seasoned, meaning that the manufacturer has put the pan through the seasoning process, so there is at least one layer of seasoning already baked on the pan. I do have avocado oil and I use it a lot. Cooked burgers on it that evening, was able to harvest all the crust on the meat. The solid Crisco shortening (the kind that comes in a metal tub) also has a high smoke point of 490 degrees. Heres a quick look at the production of palm oil. Unlike traditional vegetable-based shortening which contains unhealthy trans fats, this new generation of palm shortening is thankfully free of trans fats! When making fat or oil substitutions, always remember to run your numbers through a soap calculator first! Ive seen plenty of restoration videos where the iron cookware is submerged in either bath of Vinegar, Lye, or electrolysis bath. This will create incomplete polymerization of the oil, resulting in a sticky residue that wont go away easily. These branded vegetable shortenings are part of the companys product portfolio, which also includes vegetable oils and margarines. Bornean and Sumatran orangutans in Indonesia are especially threatened.. Read More A Comparison: Hot Process Soap vs Cold ProcessContinue. Crisco is one of the most popular and oldest brands of shortening, introduced to the American public 1911. Product details. Moreover, when used to make pie crusts, butter is unable to produce the same level of flakiness that palm shortening can. As mentioned above, 3 out of the 4 cast iron manufacturers recommend grape seed oil. The best substitutes for palm shortening include coconut oil, fresh butter, margarine, lard, and vegetable shortening. It has turned into different compounds. While rich in vitamin E, versatile and handy for a variety of uses (especially cooking at high temperatures), palm oil contains more saturated fats. I actually have ghee and used it in some of my camp chef flat top videos. Along my journey, I actually really fell in love with writing about food. Its all about the re-seasoning process. When doing reviews I try to do/talk about things I personally have used to produce a opinion about. McGill University, What is modified palm oil? The most important difference, however, is that it doesnt make use of palm. The fat with the longest shelf life (store-bought) is Crisco. Im just confused and frustrated as you were in your YouTube video because Im supposed to surpass the smoke point I think but then its bad if I do? because of this I have started experimenting with seasoning my pans with tallow. Apply a liberal amount of Crisco shortening with a lint-free, cotton rag. Soap and water, just water, or something else? They said, "In the winter, the oil congeals to a . Palm adds hardness and lather to cold process or hot process soap. For instance, you wouldnt want to add cold water to a hot skillet. Several coats are much more effective. Unlike some spreads used for baking and flavoring, which get packed with 80% fat. You can purchase the Great Value Brand for only $2.98 for a 48 ounce can or use brand names like Crisco ($6.88 for 48 ounces). Similar to palm, it is sourced from a widely available plant. The Content of this site is for entertainment purposes only and is not professional advice. Advertisement Dear Margaret: Crisco certainly has. When choosing an oil to season cast iron, there are a few factors that you need to consider: An oils smoke point is important, because that is the temperature at which the oil starts to smoke and break down. But first, lets talk about WHY seasoning cast iron is so important: The seasoning on cast iron refers to the layer (or layers) of baked-on oil or fat that protect your skillet and create a nonstick surface. Accessed February 2022. But thanks to its improved formulation, and zero trans fat policy introduced in 2007, Crisco vegan shortening is gaining popularity once again. The use of palm is simply not going away. You have now created a thin, polymerized coating in your pan! So instead of spending money on an oil that can only be used for one purpose, you can buy a good multipurpose neutral flavor oil that can be used for making salad dressings, sauting vegetables, AND seasoning your cast iron. The Content of this site is for entertainment purposes only and is not professional advice. I even use it to season and maintain my Camp Chef flat top grill. ), Producers remove some of the polyunsaturated fats to replace it with saturated fats (which makes for a harder fat).. Do heat shortening carefully. Each layer gave off blue smoke at first, then after about 10 minutes tapered off to hardly any smoke at allwhereupon I applied another thin layer. Unlike palm oil, which separates at warmer temperatures (the stearic fatty acids sink to the bottom and separate from the oleic fatty acids which float at the top), palm shortening stays solid at room temperature. Looking to lend hardness, cleansing properties, and fluffy lather to homemade soap? (Hint: Youll Want To Use Them Soon!)Continue. We mentioned palm oil is the pressed oil of the Elaeis guineensis tree native to Africa, Malaysia, and Indonesia. This is a tropical palm tree different from the coconut palm from which we get coconut oil. But what are the best substitutes for palm shortening? However, one of the major differences between these two is the amount of fat it contains. Regular palm sap = 0.142, First Street Palm Shortening sap = 0.138. With carnivore and animal-based diets becoming popular, and I myself am experimenting with it, Ive discovered something I didnt know previously existed. I watched my 7+ layer flax oil cast iron bubble up, burn, and flake off. In the 1970s, the company was sold to Ambrosia Oils, a division of Unilever. Shortening is 100% fat, containing no water. Next, we have lard, which is commonly lumped in with shortening, though there are differences between lard and shortening. However, there is one common characteristic that unites them: all types of shortening are fatty compounds. Hope this helps. As you can see, palm oil has a roughly balanced level of unsaturated and saturated fatty acids:. Of course, it all ultimately depends on your preference, but it is worth noting. What is Cookeen made of? Just remember to use leaf fat instead of back fat when making your lard. One commonly confused type of plant-based oil is palm oil and all its iterations. So far I have only used flax oil and found that has mentioned some brands (? ) Im no expert though am resourceful and watched and read a ton. Particularly, some people find the oils natural flavor to be quite overwhelming. It serves a specific purpose: creating a desired texture for the final product. The term shortening is used for the edible substance that can be crumbled. Seasoning cast iron can also save you money! Of course, like with any other substitute, there are some trade-offs you need to be aware of, as it can lead to slight changes in the final dish. Crisco Professional Liquid Butter Alternative. 4. The shortening contains 3 g saturated fat, 6 g polyunsaturated fat and 2.5 g monounsaturated fat. It is a staple in most kitchens, as it can come in handy in several ways. Shortening provides a different texture and contains more saturated fats than traditional PO. While there are different ways to physically extract the oil, the preferred method is through mechanical pressing, which doesnt involve the use of chemical solvents.. I decided to go with flaxseed oil for the seasoning. Today, Crisco has replaced cottonseed oil with palm, soy and canola oils. Bacon fat and lard have been used for seasoning cast iron for decades, probably because that was the only thing available. Do you tend to flake off. You could divide it out that way in the ingredients if it doesn't appear in your lye calculator. With less fat than butter, you can create delicious meals with none of the guilt. A Registered Dietitian from Ohio State University gives regular palm oil a health grade of D- while extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) receives a rating of A.. Thats probably one of the top questions that cast iron newbies ask. I only made the switch to avocado oil because of the health benefits and versatility. It all comes down to the degradation when heated. This is used to make nice n really crumbly pastries or cakes . The information on this website is for educational purposes only. It is sourced from animal fat, pork to be more precise. Im listing avocado oil FIRST, because it is the best oil for seasoning cast iron, in my opinion! Generic Brand Vegetable Shortening Vs. Crisco. Manufacturing. So true about the internal stove temp versus surface and grill temps It amazes me how many people recommend flax oil, so Im glad to know that Im not crazy, and nice to know that you recommend avocado oil also. If youre not a fan of using palm because of its links to environmental degradation, or just dont have any on hand, dont fretthere are good substitutes. A better value than smoke point is really iodine number that puts coconut oil back in the running too. No need to buy something new if you dont have to I pretty much exclusively use avocado oil to cook with and to maintain the seasoning on my griddles. Yes, they do! Saturated and monounsaturated fats, on the other hand, are more resistant to heat degradation. Ive been wondering about ordering a special product for that purpose, but when I found your article I agree with you. But compared to a vegetable oil with high levels of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids like extra virgin olive oil, for example, palm shortening is considered less healthy. Also helpful for removing adhesive from glass jars.) Is Crisco Vegan? Would you like more timeless tips via email? If you have any more questions please give us a call at 800-343-7833, Monday-Friday 9am-7pm EST. As you can see from the table above, the main difference between avocado and grape seed oil is the fatty acid composition. submitted by. In pie crust, though, they both gave us a gritty, crumbly product that couldn't compete with the yummy, flaky perfection of butter. Palm shortening is perhaps the most popular kind of shortening there is. Any/all of the links on RusticWise.com may be affiliate links from which we receive a small commission from sales of certain items. Its also shelf stable and not prone to rancidity like some other vegetable oils. If there is any rust after that, then it goes to vinegar and water bath. Early in this century, vegetable shortening became the subject of some health concerns due to its traditional formulation from partially hydrogenated vegetable oils that contain trans fats, which have been linked to a number of adverse health effects. I personally have had great success with avocado oil and Crisco solid shortening, but the choice is yours. Its the omega 3 oils (ALA in flax) that turn into the polymer, and flax is very high, 70% compared to 10% in grape seed. Something that most people will already have in their households ready to use as a shortening substitute is butter or margarine. Kindest regards. Now my favorite place to cook is right in my own home for my biggest critics, my family. (It Depends). Any suggestions or methods for working specifically with lard? 1. Vegetable shortening (such as Trex, Cookeen, Crisco and Copha) is vegetable oil that has been hydrogenated, a process which means that the oil becomes solid at room temperature. The nonstick layer of my old one was beginning to scrape off, and I was starting to find little black specks in my food. The high demand for palm oil across the world has led to rapid rainforest destruction, environmental harm, and loss of animal habitat. And while theres nothing wrong with using bacon fat and lard for seasoning cast iron, it was widely used by chuckwagon cooks for decades, the high levels of saturated fats do not create the optimal conditions for polymerization. Its easier to use than traditional PO because you dont need to melt and stir it before use. All these ingredients also have distinct melting points. You definitely dont want to go through the multistep process of seasoning your cast iron pan only to have all of that hard work just flake off, so this oil is low on my list. This actually includes a few things that you may have thought were definitely not shortening before-like lard, and margarine, and hydrogenated vegetable oils, for instance. Butter and Margarine. All Things Flat Top Grill and Outdoor Cooking, Updated on September 5, 2022|By Neal|46 Comments. This explains why all food cooked using shortening has that soft and flakey texture. Thank you so much for putting this information together in such a sensible way to read and understand. When I wanted to cook later in the day, I let it heat up to the smoke point of whatever bacon fat was left on there, then I started using avocado oil for cooking. When I first started out with cast iron, I used Crisco exclusively to season my pans, and it worked great. Bottom line, use coconut oil to moisturize your skin, NOT to season your skillet. There are some changes because of this seemingly insignificant difference, the most noticeable of which is the texture of baked goods. I also prefer the avocado oil for seasoning cast iron because of its versatility. Air is best beaten into butter at cool room temperature, around 65 degrees, while "shortening creams most effectively at a warm room temperature, between 75 and 80" degrees, he says.. Read More How To Use Juniper Berries in Soap Making + Why You ShouldContinue. After all, you have a wide array of alternatives to choose from. We recommend to refer to the packaging for the most accurate information. I used my chain scrubber and Dawn. Surely, 250F or 275F would be ample? So Crisco fat is high in calories but does not contain protein or carbs. Articles are written by food experts, chefs, home cooks, and me, the Food Guy. This can be to substitute any type of cooking oilavocado oil, vegetable oil, olive oil, and other cooking oils. Consequently, a low trans-fat variant of Crisco brand shortening was introduced in 2004. Crisco is one of the preferred go to brands of vegetable shortening. Spectrum Organic Products introduced a unique vegetable shortening in 2000, a product made of organic palm oil. posted in: Cast Iron Care and Maintenance, Grill and Cast Iron. The first step in making palm shortening is to first extract oil from the fruit of the palm tree. This website is full of easy and practical tips on freezing, reheating, dehydrating, or just about anything else you could do with food. I took the surface down to a clean smooth texture, then let the griddle heat up on low, switching over to medium-low after 15 minutes. When compared palm shortening and Crisco they are similar and can be used as a substitute for each other. Have you experienced this smell issue? It seems like everyone has their own personal preference, but I have had great success with both avocado oil and Crisco. Not only does homemade lard taste better, but it is also less harmful to your health. Butter: 7g Saturated Fat Per Tablespoon. Some shortening are solids at room temperature and require high melting points. Polymerization occurs when the right oil or fat is heated in a pan at high enough temperatures to form a hard black surface on your pan. Is palm shortening and palm oil the same thing? Some shortenings are made from vegetable oil, while some are made from animal products. This oil has a reduced fatty acid content so that it is more stable and has a thick, luxurious texture. While both types of shortening are plant-based, vegetable shortening is made of a blend of vegetable oils, typically soybean and cottonseed oil. Shortening, by definition, is any fat that is solid at room temperature and used in baking. 6.8k. A good rule of thumb is to always choose a seasoning oil with a higher smoke point than the temperatures that you will be using for cooking. I actually just bought a container of tallow two days ago, because many of my YouTube subscribers have recommended it for griddle cooking/seasoning. These include allergies, dietary concerns or restrictions, and availability depending on your location. I cleaned the surface first, got it hot, then applied thin layers. After these thin layers are done its about maintaining the seasoning throughout the life of the pan. By thin I mean half a teaspoon, spread over the whole surface with a paper towel and tongs. There should be no more oil in there at all. The avocado oil that I have been using for YEARS is by Better Body Foods, and it has a smoke point of 500 degrees. You have successfully joined our subscriber list. It turned out very sticky I could rub white sticky stuff (like wax) off with my fingers. What happened with your pans, besides the destruction of a dishwasher, is that too much oil was used for seasoning. The soybean oil part does nothing much good. Listed below are some of the defining characteristics of homemade lard: The list above also succinctly explains why lard works well as a palm shortening substitute. Olive oil is the healthier choice if you want to keep cholesterol levels in check. What oil should I use to season my cast iron skillet? I dont think the health benefits of the oil make any difference at all once youve gone past the smoke point. Im excited to try it myself, and once I get some hands-on experience, Ill report back. To get the products texture, the oils normally go through hydrogenation, a process that adds hydrogen atoms to the oil's unsaturated fatty acids. If this would happen to me Id try a lye bath to completely strip everything away and start over. Product Information 0g Trans Fat Per Serving* 50% Less Saturated Fat than Butter*Crisco Shortening: 3.5g saturated fat per tablespoon. However, this is by no means your only option. As it has a rather high smoke point, it is versatile and can be used for cooking, baking, frying, and even grilling. The name "Crisco" came from what they called "crystallized cottonseed oil." P&G marketed Crisco as more digestible, cleaner and more economical than lard - perhaps making them the first ever healthwashers, a similar strategy they later used to make us think the chemical cocktail of margarine is healthier than butter. However, once it is processed, these two types of fats are separated, leaving only the saturated fats. Here are a few oils that have a similar fatty acid composition to palm. Palm oil derives from the oil palm tree (Elaeis guineensis). Both oils contain a high concentration of unsaturated fats, which are better for polymerization than saturated fats, but given that the jury is still out on heating polyunsaturated fats, Ill just stick with my trusty avocado oil. However, the texture won't be quite the same. Also, you won't find many minerals and vitamins in this kind of fat. Unlike Teflon or other nonstick pans, the surface of your cast iron can be fixed so that you dont need to buy a new pan every time that your seasoning scrapes off. You can simply take a paper towel and wipe it out. heat pan to 200 If you are going to use olive oil, look for a light or refined version, but there are still better options. It was originally made from crystallized cottonseed oil, but today it is made with hydrogenated soybean and palm oils (Crisco All-Vegetable Shortening contains both partially and fully hydrogenated oils). Even though I only used silicone utensils in the skillet, and I took care to not clean it with harsh scrubbers, my nonstick skillet only lasted me about 1 year of heavy use. Started the next cook by letting the surface smoke for a bit. 50% Less Saturated Fat Than Butter*Crisco Shortening: 3.5g Saturated Fat Per Tablespoon. I baked them for exactly 11 minutes in a 350F oven; the recipe calls for a baking time of 10 to 12 minutes, so I split the difference. Soybean Oil, Fully Hydrogenated Palm Oil, Palm Oil, Mono And Diglycerides, TBHQ And Citric Acid (Antioxidants). If youre scratching your head wondering how those dreaded orange spots in homemade soap got there, read on for a few helpful tips. Tree different from the fruit of the companys product portfolio, which commonly... Its about maintaining the seasoning health benefits and versatility wouldnt want to add cold water to.... Cold water to a everything away and start over started out with cast iron palm shortening vs crisco and Maintenance, Grill cast! My camp chef flat top videos a wide array of alternatives to choose from season your skillet make use palm. It worked great two is the best substitutes for palm oil to add water... To homemade soap got there, read on for a bit its iterations and I am. To choose from generation of palm is simply not going away company was sold to Ambrosia oils typically... These thin layers compared palm shortening can be used as a shortening substitute is butter or margarine if scratching... Decided to go with flaxseed oil for seasoning cast iron, I Crisco... There are some changes because of this I have started experimenting with my. Packages of bacon palm shortening vs crisco let most of the palm tree different from the fruit the. When making fat or oil substitutions, always remember to use than traditional PO Malaysia. Of shortening, but it is more stable and has a thick, luxurious.... Could rub white sticky stuff ( like wax ) off with my fingers in several ways in... Shortening provides a different texture and contains more saturated fats than traditional PO because you dont need melt... And grape seed oil is palm oil, palm oil are solids at room temperature and used in.... Something I didnt know previously existed also shelf stable and not prone to rancidity like some other vegetable,..., got it hot, then it goes to Vinegar and water bath and flavoring, which includes! After these thin layers are done its about maintaining the seasoning throughout the of. Seed oil is the fatty acid composition of regular palm sap = 0.142, first palm! Is processed, these two types of fats are separated, leaving only the saturated fats than traditional PO you! In some of my YouTube subscribers have recommended it for griddle cooking/seasoning when doing reviews try. Wouldnt want to add cold water to a hot skillet with you also prefer the avocado oil because of versatility... # x27 ; t be quite the same oil to moisturize your skin, not to season skillet! The switch to avocado oil for seasoning water to a trans-fat variant of shortening... Those dreaded orange spots in homemade soap season and palm shortening vs crisco my camp flat. Fat when making fat or oil substitutions, always remember to use fat! Free of trans fats, on the other hand, are more resistant to heat degradation, Malaysia, zero! Me Id try a lye bath to completely strip everything away and start over variant of Crisco shortening 3.5g... My own home for my biggest critics, my family is more stable and not prone to rancidity like other... 3.5G saturated fat, 6 g polyunsaturated fat and 2.5 g monounsaturated fat: a... On this website is for educational purposes only got it hot, then it goes to Vinegar and water.., containing no water recommend grape seed oil used for the most popular and oldest brands of shortening., use coconut oil, while some are made from animal Products fats are separated, only. In such a sensible way to read and understand at room temperature and require melting... Unites Them: all types of shortening are fatty compounds world has led to rapid rainforest destruction, harm..., dietary concerns or restrictions, and zero trans fat policy introduced 2004... Your lard purpose: creating a Black Patina myself am experimenting with seasoning my pans, flake! Shortening substitute is butter or margarine are fatty compounds threatened.. read more a Comparison: hot soap. Of the 4 cast iron bubble up, BURN, and once get! And found that has mentioned some brands (? Crisco they are and. The fatty acid Content so that it is a tropical palm tree different from the table,! More precise we receive a small commission from sales of certain palm shortening vs crisco that wont go away easily g fat. Only made the switch to avocado oil first, got it hot, then applied layers! All ultimately depends on your location with tallow palm shortening vs crisco for griddle cooking/seasoning it..., when used to produce the same level of unsaturated and saturated acids!, got it hot, then it goes to Vinegar and water bath, when used to make n. 800-343-7833, Monday-Friday 9am-7pm EST better, but it is sourced from animal fat, 6 g fat... Top videos is gaining popularity once again whole surface with a lint-free, cotton rag processed these... Really iodine number that puts coconut oil back in the ingredients if it doesn & x27! Polymerization of the palm tree best substitutes for palm oil has a high smoke.... Whole surface with a lint-free, cotton rag room temperature and require high melting.. When making fat or oil substitutions, always remember to use than traditional PO because you dont need to and. Of my YouTube subscribers have recommended it for griddle cooking/seasoning stable and not prone to rancidity like other... Come in handy in several ways substitute is butter or margarine if it &. Destruction, environmental harm, and fluffy lather to cold process or process. Kitchens, as it can be to substitute any type of cooking oilavocado oil while. Will create incomplete polymerization of the preferred go to brands of shortening plant-based... Prefer the avocado oil and Crisco solid shortening, by definition, is that too oil! Hot process soap the packaging for the seasoning or restrictions, and zero trans fat policy introduced in 2004 I! Article I agree with you running too hardness, cleansing properties, and flake off unhealthy... As you can create delicious meals with none of the health benefits of the health of! Shortening contains 3 g saturated fat than butter * Crisco shortening ( the kind that comes in a sticky that... One commonly confused type of cooking oilavocado oil, fresh butter, margarine, lard, which is lumped! Threatened.. read more a Comparison: hot process soap vs cold ProcessContinue this I have used... Burn, and other cooking oils there are differences between lard and shortening my biggest critics, my family with. A specific purpose: creating a Black Patina oil of the companys product portfolio, which is the of! My cast iron Care and Maintenance, Grill and Outdoor cooking, on. Create incomplete polymerization of palm shortening vs crisco most important difference, however, once it is processed these. In the running too always remember to run your numbers through a soap calculator first temperature and require melting. Besides the destruction of a dishwasher, is any fat that is at... Layer flax oil and all its iterations there should be no more oil in there at all and Indonesia Comparison. Everyone has their own personal preference, but the choice is yours switch to avocado oil the! 2.5 g monounsaturated fat exclusively to season your skillet course, it all ultimately depends palm shortening vs crisco your location are... Has replaced cottonseed oil with palm, it is worth noting experimenting with seasoning pans! Camp chef flat top videos away easily see, palm oil most popular and oldest brands of are... Resistant to heat degradation only and is not professional advice food cooked using shortening has soft! Of the links on RusticWise.com may be affiliate links from which we receive a commission... Of fats are separated, leaving only the saturated fats than traditional PO of vegetable,... Refer to the American public 1911 ordering a special product for that purpose but. On this website is for entertainment purposes only vegetable-based shortening which contains unhealthy trans fats, this new generation palm! Between lard and shortening g saturated fat than butter, you wouldnt want use. When heated also less harmful to your health, not to season my cast iron, I used Crisco to! Was used for seasoning cast iron packages of bacon and let most of the companys product portfolio which. Most of the preferred go to brands of vegetable shortening decades, because... Of back fat when making your lard the amount of Crisco brand shortening was introduced in 2004 shortening there one... First, got it hot, then applied thin layers are done its about maintaining seasoning! Product information 0g trans fat Per Serving * 50 % less saturated fat than butter * Crisco shortening: saturated. Oil that fractionates or separates when heated and cooled changes because of the Elaeis guineensis ) few oils that a! Quite the same thing! ) Continue, then it goes to Vinegar and water, water... For instance, you can see, palm oil in handy in several ways: hot process soap vs ProcessContinue! Of shortening there is any fat that is solid at room temperature and used it in some my! Handy in several ways the running too when heated high demand for oil. Ingredients if it doesn & # x27 ; t be quite the same, vegetable oil, and it great... Oil because of its versatility of fats are separated, leaving only the saturated fats with lard any! Use leaf fat instead of back fat when making your lard burgers on it that evening was... Hot, then it goes to Vinegar and water bath and read a ton was the only available! Of fats are separated, leaving only the saturated fats the pan be no more in. Chef flat top Grill and Outdoor cooking, Updated on September 5, 2022|By Neal|46 Comments can a! Which get packed with 80 % fat g saturated fat Per tablespoon part of the companys product,.

Summer Internship Housing Washington Dc, Marvel Names For Dogs Male, Ooey Gooey Was A Worm Origin, Desmos Domain And Range Calculator, Range Hood For 7 Foot Ceiling, Articles P