Decades later, Young's son, who was 13 in 1857, said that he was in the office during that meeting and that he remembered Lee blaming the massacre on the Native Americans. Writing a polemic trying to blame Brigham Young would be self-defeating, just as writing an apologia to clear his skirts would ultimately have to justify murder. Samuel Smith, the young brother of the Prophet Joseph Smith, was one of the first missionaries of the newly restored LDS Church. Of the 23 who survived him, 17 received a share of his estate while the remaining 6 apparently had non conjugal roles. She has two songs in the LDS hymnbook, is mother of six children, 10 grand, 5 great grandchildren. In a confession made just before he was executed, Lee, the only person ever tried for the crime, blamed the Paiute Indians. His 11-year-old son answered questions about the day his mom and sister were killed. In such a framework, the message to "not interfere" would be subordinate to the main message: let nothing stand in the way of the Mormon-Paiute alliance. A fool can earn money; but it takes a wise man to save and dispose of it to his own advantage.". Pratt had been murdered in Arkansas, where the Baker-Fancher party had its origin. '', That conclusion is vigorously disputed by three Mormon church historians, who vow their own history of the massacre, to be published by Oxford University Press in 2004, will exonerate Young. He graduated from college in April, finished his internship this Summer, was so happy in having a girlfriend (and her family) that he truly loved, had just aced an entrance exam for his Masters program the very last day that any of us had contact with him. In 1828, after moving to New York, he read The Book of Mormon for the first time and joined The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ("Brigham Young" Biography). Strang penned a letter to two leaders, Orson Hyde and John Taylor, requesting to . A murder suspect accused of shooting his girlfriend, axing his 9-year-old daughter in the head, then stabbing and lighting his son on fire cross-examined the 11-year-old survivor Wednesday in a jaw-dropping courtroom scene. There are no other trains going south that I know of[.] Haight and Dame were also the senior regional military leaders of the Mormon militia. setTimeout(function(){var t=document.createElement("script");t.setAttribute("src","https://sample.dragonforms.com/getEmbeddedClientScript.do?embeddedsite=TW_dispatch_nl"),t.setAttribute("type","text/javascript"),document.body.appendChild(t)},5); Become a subscriber today and youll recieve a new issue every month plus unlimited access to our full archive of backlogged issues. Hosford & Sons, NY. Following his return to Nauvoo in 1841, Young affirmed his complete loyalty to Joseph Smith by embracing the controversial and still-secret practice of polygamy, despite his initial personal . 2020-09-13 15:28:09. [I]f those who are there will leave let them go in peace. Learning how Eleanor McLean Pratt got to Salt Lake City convinced me Brigham Young did it. The 12th Mrs. Pratt had buried her polygamous husband Parley in Arkansas the previous May, and she was obsessed with exacting vengeance from his murderers. [23] In 1870, Young excommunicated some of the participants, including Haight and Lee, from the LDS Church. According to the version traditionally told by Mormon scholars -- for example in a well-regarded 1985 biography of Young -- the Fancher party provoked ill-will by taunting Mormon settlers in southern Utah. Samuel also sold a copy to Phineas Howe Young, one of Brigham's brothers and Greene's brother-in-law. Brigham Young desperately wanted to claim the region as the promised land for the persecuted Mormon people. The young boy testified against his father on Wednesday, saying, "You stabbed me." Visit Insider's homepage for more stories. So do some authors whove written about the Mountain Meadows Massacre. On Sept. 11, 1857, a group of California-bound pioneers camping in southern Utah were murdered by a Mormon militia and its Indian allies. And the suppressing of evidence, Andrew Hamilton said in 1735, ought always be taken for the best evidence.. As any attorney knows, the problem with a guilty client is he acts guilty, and after the massacre Brigham Young never behaved like an innocent man. Of course, anti-Young historians say otherwise. Two of the southernmost establishments were Parowan and Cedar City, led respectively by stake presidents William H. Dame and Isaac C. Haight. by Will Bagley and Ron Walker | Apr 1, 2003 | Features & Gunfights. (Mr. Bagley and Ms. Denton said they had not seen the file but were skeptical it would alter their conclusions. Lorenzo was fearless in dealing with hostile Indians or any form of difficulty or trial. But history is not assumption. 25 years after he murdered their mom, his kids disagree whether he should be released. James Haslam, who rode the 500-mile circuit in six days, recalled, Young told me [when riding back south] . ''They had 1,000 head of longhorns, and longhorns had never been seen in Utah before.'' Justice for his peoples wrongs was heavens responsibility, not his, he said. ''The legends attributed remarkable powers to the emigrant poison that match no substance known to modern pharmacology,'' Mr. Bagley writes, noting that a federal agent who investigated the tale dismissed it as ''too improbable to be true.''. ''The idea that this was an Indian massacre is just absurd,'' Ms. Denton said, citing a 1999 forensic analysis that found that many of the victims had died from gunshot wounds to the head. Militia orders to the Mormon army carried Youngs words on the reverse: Shed no blood., When the books are opened in the day of judgment, declared an associate who was at his side in 1857, these things will be proven to heaven and earth.. Young believed that Lee's punishment was just but not a sufficient blood atonement, given the enormity of the crime, to allow Lee entrance into the celestial kingdom. [3], In 1840, Young moved to Scott County, Illinois when the Latter Day Saints were expelled from Missouri. ken james becky sampson ken james becky sampson. Savage. Copies of Youngs letter exist both in rough draft and final draft form. There are two ways to interpret the evidence about who ordered the brutal murder of 120 men, women and children at a remote Utah oasis on the road to California on September 11, 1857. No credible evidence exists that Young wanted the massacre. She demanded Mormon authorities listen to the cry of his blood and take swift vengeance against the Fancher train, which had left Arkansas long before Pratt was killed. At the time of his death on August 23, 1877, Young had married 56 women-19 predeceased him, 10 divorced him, 23 survived him, and 4 are unaccounted for. By early 1857 the Mormons were stockpiling weapons, and all but one of the federal judges and officers overseeing Indian affairs in the territory had fled, fearing for their safety. [9] In Utah Territory, Young worked as a printer, saddler and contractor.[10]. Young was too cleverand too religiously devoutto have destroyed the emigrants and thus irreparably harm the reputation of his people. The knowledge of how George A. Smith felt towards the emigrants, and his telling me that he had a long talk with Haight on the subject, made me certain that it was the wish of the Church authorities, that Fancher and his train should be wiped out, and knowing all this, I did not doubt then, and I do not doubt it now, either, that Haight was acting by full authority from the Church leaders, and that the orders he gave to me were just the orders that he had been directed to give, when he ordered me to raise the Indians and have them attack the emigrants.[27]. [10] After delivering the letter to Young, Haslam was told to rest for a few hours then return to pick up the reply. ''The whole United States rang with its horrors,'' Mark Twain recalled years later. A woman who stabbed her husband to death left a note saying she had "taken so much abuse over the years" and that she accepted "her punishment", a court has heard. (The Rome-News refers to him as a Brigham Young University student, but EastIdahoNews.com could only confirm that he attended BYU-Idaho.). 2 Min Read. Their corpses, stripped of clothes and jewelry, were left to be picked apart by wolves and buzzards. For motives, they point to the persecution of the Mormon people and to the earlier killing of Mormon leaders Joseph and Hyrum Smith. Lorenzo remained in that noble calling until he died, 18 years after that. As Latter-day Saints, we know that death isn't the end. Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. [16][17], Young first heard about the massacre from John D. Lee, one of the participants. My nephew Matt is completely innocent. Stubborn facts. His brother Brigham ordained him a patriarch in 1877, shortly before Brighams death. Anxiously awaited is a book due to be published in 2004 by three Mormon church historians that will exonerate Young. ''It was locally planned and carried out.''. Two new books are reviving old accusations that Mormon leader Brigham Young masterminded massacre of 120 men, women and children who were slain at Mountain Meadows in southern Utah on Sept 11 . In this company, Young served as a captain of ten.[8]. Young was not complicit in planning or executing the massacre. Brigham Young, who was born June 1, 1801, was the fourth son and eighth child, and he would . He was a man who grew in faith, intellect and knowledge and learned throughout his life by relying on personal revelation. [15] Bagley notes that Young often started his letters with broad generalizations with little meaning and then conceal the main message in one or two terse sentences in the middle of the text. In this inspiring look at near-death experiences, authors Brent and Wendy Top illustrate how numerous recorded accounts of near-death experiences relate to Latter-day Saint teachings. (Young had at least 20 wives -- by some estimates as many as 56 -- and up to 57 children.). However, church president Joseph Smith insisted that his brother William Smith be selected in place of Young. True West asked the authors of both books to lay out their claims. Somehow he had the presence of mind to send this Brother Daniels to another, Brother Jeremy, who lived close by. What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? Brigham Young Did It. '', Sally Denton, an investigative reporter based in Santa Fe, N.M., whose book ''American Massacre: The Tragedy at Mountain Meadows'' will be published by Knopf next summer, also holds Young responsible for the crime. ''The emigrants fell victim to Brigham Young's decision to stage a violent incident that would demonstrate his power to control the Indians of the Great Basin and to stop travel on the most important overland roads.''. Philip the ll was not stabbed by his son he was stabbed by a man who was very jealous of him. Wouldnt these events have kindled Youngs anger and led him to seek revenge? He was replaced as governor the following year by Alfred Cumming. @JalelahCNA. It is something that has been partially experienced and thoroughly documented by many individuals around the world. Lee was tried twice for murder (he was convicted the second time) and executed in 1877. Despite a growing bitterness toward his former mentor, Lee refused. He said it was the greatest work and the clearest of error he had ever seen, the Bible not excepted (see The Faithful Young Family"). Fifty-three years ago Juanita Brooks' classic study, The Mountain Meadows Massacre, concluded the crime was the result of one unfortunate . Mormon historian Juanita Brooks believes that the letter demonstrates that Young "did not order the massacre, and would have prevented it if he could. Or did his belief in heavenly justice prove him an unlikely culprit? Though obviously guilty of murder, Lee was the crime's scapegoat, not instigator, the authors argue, and the Indians had little to do with it. "[20], When Young sent his report on the massacre to the Commissioner of Indian Affairs in 1858, he said that it was the work of Native Americans.[21]. It makes me shudder. When I reflect on how I found the gospel, I realize that my familys experiences informed two important pieces of my testimony. "We injoi it and feele to prase the Lord." Finally, it is also a matter of historical record that none of the Indian leaders at the Salt Lake council were later at Mountain Meadows, except the Southern Ute leader, Ammon, who tried to prevent the massacre. The Mountain Meadows Massacre was a horrible atrocity, and the conduct of some Mormons involved in it was deplorable: strong words from the Tabernacle pulpit, Saints seeking vengeance because of their past persecution, Youngs risky Native American alliance, senseless acts by some local Mormon leaders, Utahs troubling episodes of extralegal violence and most awful, the terrible killing at Mountain Meadows. Though Brigham's family would later claim that the troublesome Ann Eliza was the one leading him on, the fact remains that they agreed to wed and were sealed on April 7, 1868. . Mr. Bagley, who says he is a ''Jack Mormon,'' or lapsed believer, contends that the attack had less to do with greed than ideology. He was a brother of the Mormon prophet, Brigham Young (1801-1877). Brigham Young was a man well acquainted with life and death. A longer video of the interaction shows Joe Biden was comforting his grandson, Robert Hunter Biden II, at Beau Biden's funeral. Brigham Young was in New England with Orson Pratt when he learned of Joseph's death. Read more quotes from Brigham Young. Later in 1841, Young served a mission to Cincinnati and its environs with Franklin D. when arreseted, PRYOR had a . Here's the account in his own words: Brigham Young wasn't the only latter-day prophet to have such close experiences with death. The second explanation is that the massacre was a calculated act of vengeance. Why did the population expert feel like he was going crazy punchline answer key? During Wyatt Earps later years, while he was living in Hollywood, were there any silent films or voice recordings made of him. ''He did it,'' said Will Bagley, a history columnist for The Salt Lake Tribune whose book ''Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows'' (University of Oklahoma Press) has been a best seller in Utah since it appeared in late July. (Above) John D. Lee sits on his coffin moments before being executed for reportedly ordering the Mountain Meadows attack. The family the Lord had put his hand upon did not fail. The rapper's . "For many years no person saw a smile on his countenance, Brigham, in a later sermon, told the Saints about his conversation with his brother, in consequence of the burden of the Lord upon him, and realizing that the inhabitants of the Earth had all gone out of the way and had turned every man to his own views (see Journal of Discourses, 12:95). Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death. This answer is: Anonymous . After informing him, he further inquired about my other brothers and our father. After guiding an exodus of . The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -- the Mormon church -- has steadfastly denied responsibility, first blaming Indians and later a rogue church official for the crime. The boy was just 8 years old when he said Oneal, his father, attacked him after murdering his mom and 9-year-old sister. Phineas, the third son, had struggled with the enticements of the world before finding a spiritual identity near the age of 24, when he forsook his former companions and pursuits, and prayed fervently to the Lord until he, too, accepted Methodism and became a preacher, according to The Faithful Young Family.". Will Bagley, a history columnist for the Salt Lake Tribune, is the author of Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows published by the University of Oklahoma Press. Worcester also challenges Hotspur's temper, telling him You . (Although few Paiutes were involved, Ms. Denton said, the massacre broke up the tribe anyway: realizing they would be blamed for the crime, the Indians dispersed.). Share this quote: Like Quote. . This answer reflects the complicated nature in the definition of plural wife. As to the number of wives with whom it is known that he had conjugal relations, sixteen wives bore him 57 children (46 of whom grew to maturity). Nor did Pratts death stir blood lust. Van Vliet's mission was to inform Young that the US troops then approaching Utah did not intend to attack the Mormons, but intended to establish an army base near Salt Lake City and to request Young's cooperation in procuring supplies for the army. Early in his life, Phineas was a Methodist preacher.[1]. . The question isnt as easily answered as asked. Smith sold Young a copy of the Book of Mormon and told him that it had been translated from ancient records by his brother Joseph Smith. In Missouri, he left behind home, animals and fields ready to harvest and began again in Nauvoo, Illinois. Both authors quote a 5-year-old survivor who told a reporter two years after the event, ''My father was killed by Indians; when they washed their faces, they were white men.'' For the decade prior the emigrants' arrival, Utah Territory had existed essentially as a theocracy led by Brigham Young. No evidence exists that the Indians at the council agreed to attack. The most common, and the only one currently practiced by the Mormon church, is a ceremony that seals a man and a woman for time (mortal life) and eternity. He asked his father, who had read the book through, what his feelings were. They were reacting to events as they took place. And he learned from Joseph Smith how men . The two main contenders were James Jesse Strang and Brigham Young. About. From 1864 through 1871 Young served as the bishop of the Salt Lake City 2nd Ward. Brigham Young never was fully reimbursed for the money he paid out to workers. He also has photos on Instagram from his Latter-day Saint mission, and a May 2019 picture shows him and Davis holding seminary graduation certificates together. Joseph Young was a witness to the infamous Hauns Mill massacre during the tumultuous Missouri days of the LDS Church's history, according to The Faithful Young Family.". They were a rejoicing family, a dancing family and a singing family. Bottom line: Yes, Brigham Young was clearly a racist. People make what they want of the facts in my book, Blood of the Prophets: Brigham Young and the Massacre at Mountain Meadows, but for most readers, the evidence about who ordered the massacre is overwhelming. ''The party from Arkansas was probably doomed from the moment the Mormons learned of the death of Parley Pratt and the approach of the American army,'' he writes in his book. Update 6/10/2021 7:22 AM. ''It was the wealthiest wagon train ever to traverse the country,'' she said. "John D. Lee Arrested". According to her, they would try to leave Utah then turn up murdered (supposedly by Native Americans) along the way. Young's message of reply to Haight, dated September 10, 1857, read: In regard to emigration trains passing through our settlements, we must not interfere with them until they are first notified to keep away. In other words, Young thought whites would and should receive preferential treatment now and forever. He said the file included the notes of a Mormon historian who, at the request of church leaders, conducted a confidential investigation of the massacre in 1892. Young was born in Hopkinton, Massachusetts, the seventh child of John Young and Abigail Howe. A second form could seal a woman to one man for time and another for eternity. The U.S. posted bounties of $500 each for the capture of Haight, Higbee, and Stewart, and prosecutors chose not to pursue their cases against Dame, Willden, and Adair. Originally ran between Salt Lake and York. 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