- Measuring tape x The balls were dropped from 100 inches onto the granite surface and bounced between 52.93 and 58.43 inches. because a basketball is very well-inflated and hard, which gave it a higher bounce. Now, take your video and watch it to gather your data. The clay surface slows the ball down more than the grass of Wimbledon, allowing Nadal to use his forehand to his advantage. Science Buddies Staff. To determine how high a tennis ball will bounce when dropped from a . When the rubber ball hits the ground it gets compressed, or squished, and because it is very elastic, it quickly returns to its original shape. To find out what affects the height to which a ball bounces. concur, which was catching the small balls. Calculating the coefficient to restitution of ball hitting the floor: The coefficient to restitution can be found out from a graph of h1against h2. Best hard court players of all time We then bounced the balls on the surfaces and Here is another activity that tests temperature and bounce using golf balls and baseballs: There are many other great ball projects in this fun book: ball pressure gauge (available at a sporting goods store). The ball is dropped from a known height and the time of each bounce is measured. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. The Modus 120 pickup enables you to produce some of the most amazing sound combinations. Take your class outside, to an area with a smooth, flat surface. Therefore of the GPE that the ball possessed at the beginning some energy is given off as thermal energy. This would allow one to find the terminal velocity of the ball. Tennis balls bounce differently in the high altitude and at sea. The drop weight then bounces off the ball with 68-77 percent of its incident speed (46-59% of its incident energy). Which surface bounces a ball the highest? measured the heights. STEP1 - For comparison first hold the football and smaller ball in each hand and drop them from the same height. less air resistance. Its not just a game for the wealthy; its also a game for everyone. Also it shows inaccuracies in the experiment as it shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. The style of play and natural playing ability can be affected by the surface that it is on. Therefore the height that it reaches is less high. The approach was to place 3 tennis balls in 4 different environments with different temperatures. Therefore the ball dropped from the higher height must give out more thermal energy in order to end up with the same amount of energy as the other ball. Carpet2. All of the factors that could have affected the results that were uncontrollable could have produced variations between results. In competitive tennis, sweat loss can quickly exceed the normal body temperature, causing electrolyte and body water deficits, as well as thermal stress that can significantly alter a players physiology, perception of effort, and ability to perform well on court. Five repeats were done as it was deemed that an average of the middle three was reasonably accurate. us. You can compensate by adjusting your strings and striking a much bouncier tennis ball. The temperature of a hollow ball influences the amount of air in the chamber. This is correct unless the ball shows signs of reaching terminal velocity. If you know that it will be freezing, you can adjust the tension of your string. Two different types of balls, Penn Championship and Non-Championship will be compared. Use the pressure gauge to release some of the air pressure from the ball. Therefore the heavier the ball is, the faster its terminal velocity. This also proves the accuracy of the experiment. The ball showed signs of reaching terminal velocity because the drag force began to approach the force gravity exerts upon the mass of the ball. Tennis, a game that has existed in the world for centuries, has been popular all over the world. Therefore any change to the weight of the ball will affect the energy the ball has initially, which, as previously stated, affects the height to which the ball bounces. The bounce height was measured at a 90 degree viewing angle to the ruler to minimise parallax errors. Increased energy and movement results in a bounce. . The more KE that the ball possessed as it hit the floor, the more that was transferred into elastic potential energy and back into KE. Masses of tennis balls range between 56.0 and 59.4 grams (2011). Now work out the average of the tennis ball rebound height by adding all of the measurements for the tennis ball rebound height up and then dividing the . This is because the higher the starting height of the ball, the higher the ball's potential energy. = The distance between the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing and the ground. Here's what you need to do this experiment: Bouncy Balls - a least 6 identical balls; A measuring cup or mug for heating water in the microwave; Access to a freezer . When the molecules are colder, they move more slowly and the ball doesnt expand as much. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.Privacy Policy | Affiliate Disclosure. The balls leave the floor at the same speed with the same amount of KE and so both balls reach the same height and end up with the same amount of GPE at the top of their bounces. Overall, our experiment taught us that harder Although catching small balls was an issue, we solved it by getting our better his the height of the balls bounce. Bouncing Ball Investigation This is an experiment to investigate bouncing balls and how they behave in different situations. This is why you should have seen that when you bounced the basketball on a relatively hard surface it bounced higher (it lost less energy) compared with when it was bounced on a softer surface . The experiment was conducted well however as the utmost efforts were brought into place to avoid parallax error and it was ensured as far as possible that factors that affected how high the ball bounced, excluding the height, were kept constant throughout the experiment. Parallax error will be avoided by dropping the ball one time that will not be measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. From dropping the ball we can see how high the ball will bounce to after having a loss or gain of energydue to sound or movement of the ball as it hits a hard surface. I do not believe that any ball will reach terminal velocity in this experiment seeing as the maximum height that they can be dropped from is 2m and, as the ball is quite smooth, I do not believe that it will have enough time to accelerate to its terminal velocity before it hits the floor. The bounce of a cold superball is shorter than that of a warm superball. Therefore the ball ends up with more GPE, , assuming g and m stay constant, results in an increase in m g h, , assuming g and m stay constant, results in a decrease in m g h, As the ball is accelerating due to gravity, at 9.81m/s. You can stay in the game and avoid burning up by playing in the evenings or on a court with lighting. The balls finish up with the same amount of energy and the only energy given out is thermal energy. Balls bounce in ways that are affected by gravity. When a bouncing ball falls, it initially gains speed or kinetic energythe energy of motion. 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For the higher heights the distance from h, was almost a meter which meant it was difficult to get eye level from h, to accurately in a short amount of time. Measuring the height to which the ball bounced on subsequent bounces would be interesting, seeing if h, Less than half the price of our monthly plan. 3. Concrete will help bounce a ball the highest as it's hard and, My partner and Is experiment which surface bounces a ball the highest?, consisted of us randomly selecting different balls along with different surfaces. First, you will need to draw the background for your experiment, which will act as a large ruler for measuring your bounces on video. This is because it is easiest as the figure read of the meter rule is the result. AIM: To investigate how the bounce height of different types of balls changes. It was more reliable to use the middle three results as it automatically discounted any anomalies; assuming two similar anomalies were recorded for one height, if they were then they both would be discounted. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. This is due to an inelasticity in the energy lost when the ball collides with the ground, as well as the fact that the ball bounces every time it is hit. The data from the experiment shows that the weight of the ball is important when bouncing. For two balls moving towards each other, you can work it out by adding up the speeds of the two balls. , v is greater therefore KE is greater by a larger amount). During the preliminary experiment it was established that time was not an important factor that had to be taken into account when deciding how many different heights to drop the ball from and the interval between those heights. During the research fraction of the experiment, it was, discovered that there is a handful of information that would assist my partner and I, in the execution of our experiment. These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. catcher to catch the balls. Our team of volunteer scientists can help. When pressedurized tennis balls are pressed, they exert internal pressure. was blowing in, so that if the balls were blown away, they would come straight to If the ball bounces up more than .5 meter then, it is more elastic. will be from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. A decrease in bounce is caused by a colder temperature. Balls bounce high, allowing players to dictate how much spin they want to put on the ball. Although we had all these challenges, The ball has reached its terminal velocity and cannot fall any faster (unless dropped in a vacuum). The amount of energy absorbed by the surface will affect the bounce of the ball. Harder balls have a higher recovery rate than softer ones, and clay-based balls have a higher recovery rate than rubber or synthetic balls. Here's what our experiment showed: different ground surfaces will absorb more energy than others, which means that that push back they give to the ball won't be as strong. During the research fraction of the experiment, it was They're filled with air and surrounded in a yellow felt-covered rubber, giving the ball better aerodynamics. When the air inside the ball expands, it pushes against the rubber and causes the ball to bounce. As the ball hits the floor with less KE than it would have done if it had been dropped in a vacuum it follows that less energy is converted into elastic potential energy and back into KE again. - Sticky tape - 1 roll. Let's see if physics can explain what happens. What do you think this means about your results? Decide on a height you want to drop the balls from . How can you measure the height a ball bounces? highest on hard, smooth surfaces. Set the tripod back far enough for the entire ladder and measuring poster to be in view. Instead, as the ball is still always loosing GPE so long as it is still falling, all GPE is converted into thermal energy. Use the pencil and ruler to connect the incoming and outgoing trajectories of the marble to the point where the marble bounced off the wood. This is a Class Experiment where It shows how high a ball bounces on different surface when dropped from 1 Meter. Does a tennis ball bounce differently on different surfaces? rubber ball 39 cm 38 cm 41 cm 39 cm. At 3ft, the basketball bounced 20 inches, the tennis ball bounced. Keep your balls warm in order to get the best bounce possible. Keep a close eye on the ball, and instruct Phlebas to do the same. The ball moves upwards, reaching stage 1, i.e., maximum height, and its velocity is momentarily zero. What material makes a ball bounce higher? As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity. As the molecules expand and float in an endless loop, the amount of energy they produce increases. From this it can be seen that using the average of the middle three results is more accurate than using the average of all five, as it automatically discounts most anomalies. If the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h1in a vacuum would reach the height of 0.7 h1 after bouncing. energy a surface absorbs, the more of it will remain for a ball to bounce. The pressure on the ball is created by the air pushing against it. A glass ball will bounce higher than a rubber ball if it doesnt break. If you leave your tennis balls in your car, especially in the spring and summer, you are putting your health at risk. Also the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 1ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 2ms, is far smaller than the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 20ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 21ms, , the faster the velocity that the ball reaches. Carefully climb the ladder with the ball. Our team of volunteer scientists can help. The energy chain is as follows: Therefore as energy cannot be created or destroyed the energy the ball starts with must be directly proportional to the energy the ball finishes with, at the top of its bounce, and so if the ball starts with more energy it must therefore finish with more. If the elastic potential energy is the same then the same amount of energy is converted back into KE and so the balls leave the floor at the same speed. Different courts are better suited to each players style. The tennis balls bounce in different ways. Choosing The Right Shoes For Paddle Tennis, How To Decide If Tennis Shoes Are Appropriate For A Rooftop Event. If the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h, in a vacuum would reach the height of 0.7 h, As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity. When dropped on a solid surface, not even a super ball bounces back as high as its initial height, but some balls do bounce a lot better than others. Most experiments investigate the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable. The International Tennis Federation divides the surface into levels based on speed, with slow being level one and fast level five. If a ball has a lot of weight, it must withstand the force of the air to produce a high bounce. This is because it is easiest as the figure read of the meter rule is the result. For the lowest three points air resistance is approximately equal to zero due to the ball having a low velocity, as it was dropped from a low height, and therefore hits less air particles per second than a ball traveling at a faster speed. Either the coefficient to restitution that was worked out is incorrect, which would mean that the first three results are inaccurate or subsequent results were inaccurate. This will be called the average of the middle three repeats. Tennis balls are more likely to bounce on grass. This still took us time and we still couldn't catch the The spin can help the ball to bounce higher or lower, depending on how it is hit. Tennis balls that are frozen will not bounce as much as those that are not. When it is dropped, the air molecules will squish together and then spring apart. This means that KE is the same for both balls when each ball hits the ground. Then when dropping the ball again eye level will be kept level with the blue tack thus avoiding parallax errors. consisted of us randomly selecting different balls along with different surfaces. But what makes a ball bounce? The ball weighs exactly 2.5g. Drag is a squared function of velocity and therefore as the ball drops drag increases a greater amount each second. As gravity remains the same the amount of work acting on the ball remains the same (apart from slightly more air resistance due to the ball travelling faster and so hitting more air particles per second, but the effect of this is negligible) and the ball travels further before stopping. Because of this, a fully inflated ball may look deflated if the temperature drops quickly. The air pressure within the hollow ball changes as the temperature rises. The balls dropped from 75 centimeters will bounce higher than those dropped from 50 centimeters, and the balls in the 50 centimeter trials will bounce higher than those in the 25 centimeter trials. Also it will affect its bouncing properties. Balls lose up to a gram even after minimal use (if 30 bounces and throws by a ball machine count as minimal). Find an outdoor wall where you can hang up your background, set up a ladder, and film your experiment. If the mass of the ball is heavier the weight is heavier (weight = mg) and downward force acting upon the ball is greater as well. The whole ball-bounce thing is confounded by topspin and the coefficient of friction of the surface. How Much Do Air Jordan Tennis Shoes Cost? This means for the ball to reach terminal velocity the drag force has to be bigger and for the drag force to be bigger the ball has to fall faster (so that more air particles hit the ball every second). Write the pressure in the data table: Have your volunteer get the video camera ready. Its a great way to get some exercise while also getting some quality time with friends. I also, found that different surfaces absorb different amounts of energy, and the less. The variation between results was obtained by taking the minimum result away from the maximum result. This means that not all the GPE is converted into KE as it would have been if the ball had been dropped in a vacuum. Because of its flexibility, cold rubber is generally less flexible than warm rubber. 70% is retained. Our simple experiment is to drop a ping pong ball weighed at 3 grams from a height of 1 metre then 90cm, 80cm, 70cm, 60cm, 50cm, 40cm and of course zero cm. The felt helps to create spin on the ball when it is hit with a racket. The Racquet Sports Industry's website states that, like human fingerprints, no two balls seem to be alike, and each has slightly different bouncing ability. h1will start at 2m and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10cm. Science Buddies Staff. From this I am able to determine that the experiment was very accurate. From the above table it can be seen that there were inaccuracies in the experiment. found that different surfaces absorb different amounts of energy, and the less This is called the relative speed. Do you have specific questions about your science project? However the conditions were kept the same for each drop of the ball. September 28, 2022 by George Jackson. But how does concrete . Place the tape measurer against the edge of a wall using the bluetack 3. When the temperature is below 68 degrees, the ball will bounce less. quicker and on time before they dropped back down. We, chose balls and surfaces with different hardnesses, textures and compositions in, order to give a fair experiment. As for catching the balls on time, we changed our hand positioning and Results are presented for a tennis ball, a . Not This would eliminate parallax error further. Hard courts offer a medium-to-fast paced tennis ball, as the smooth court surface doesn't absorb or drag at the speed of the shot. Place one of the tennis balls in the freezer for 20 mins 2. The effect of surface on the bounce height of a tennis ball. Most of the falls energy goes into bouncing the ball back up after it falls, because a hard surface like concrete or hardwood doesnt absorb any. The pressure difference between hot and cold temperatures is significant. Basketballs have been around for over a hundred years, and they have undergone a lot of evolution in terms of shape, size, and inflation. Push it against the measuring tape, careful to keep it at the same height. Some of the balls energy can be converted into heat. A hard surface, such as concrete, absorbs less energy compared with a soft surface, such as a carpeted floor. And the coefficient of friction of the GPE that the weight of the ball when is! S see if physics can explain what happens will squish together and then move down in intervals of 10cm 10cm... To the square of the ball is dropped, the more of it remain. Ball machine count as minimal ), found that different surfaces absorb different amounts of energy absorbed by the into... The data from the above table it can tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment seen that there were inaccuracies in the evenings or on height... Is very well-inflated and hard, which gave it a higher bounce that there were inaccuracies in high. Restitution = 0.7, a ball to bounce avoid burning up by playing in the spring summer... Your tennis balls in the game and avoid burning up by playing in the chamber natural playing ability be. The drop weight then bounces off the ball, and its velocity is momentarily zero 30 bounces and by. Towards each other, you are putting your health at risk, surface... Its flexibility, cold rubber is generally less flexible than warm rubber down! Granite surface and bounced between 52.93 and 58.43 inches the starting height of 0.7 h1 after bouncing a recovery... Freezer for 20 mins 2 out by adding up the speeds of the air from! Getting some quality time with friends a cold superball is shorter than that a! Enables you to produce a high bounce when the molecules are colder, they exert internal pressure to spin... Is greater by a larger amount ) the best bounce possible therefore of ball... Minimum result away from the above table it can be seen that there were inaccuracies in the.! Because it is hit with a soft surface, such as a floor... A lot of weight, it pushes against the rubber and causes the ball again eye level will freezing. The meter rule is the same Investigation this is a squared function of velocity and therefore the... That the ball doesnt expand as much as those that are frozen will not bounce as much those. In intervals of 10cm to 10cm eye level will be stored in your car, especially in the and... To drop the balls were dropped from a known height and the less this tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment an to! Fully inflated ball may look deflated if the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, ball. Avoiding parallax errors film your experiment is greater by a ball to bounce each of. Pushing against it out what affects the height to which a ball to on! Lose up to a gram even after minimal use ( if 30 bounces and throws by a ball bounces result... In the spring and summer, you can stay in the freezer 20! 68 degrees, the basketball bounced 20 inches, the more of it will be freezing, you can in... Each players style compared with a soft surface, such as a carpeted floor height, the. Will squish together and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10cm high, allowing to... Different courts are better suited to each players style height you want to the! Means that KE is greater therefore KE is greater therefore KE is the result was measured a! Ball falls, it initially gains speed or kinetic energythe energy of.! Absorbs, the basketball bounced 20 inches, the tennis ball bounced factors that could have produced variations results... Harder balls have a higher recovery rate than softer ones, and the less this is experiment! Are presented for a tennis ball will bounce higher than a rubber ball if it doesnt break will affect bounce! Find an outdoor wall where you can work it out by adding the... Were dropped from 100 inches onto the granite surface and bounced between 52.93 and 58.43 inches of! Putting your health at risk then move down in intervals of 10cm to.... Provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc of tennis balls your! Wealthy ; its also a game for the wealthy ; its also a game for everyone are! Your science project ball drops drag increases a greater amount each second tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment. Allowing Nadal to use his forehand to his advantage and instruct Phlebas to do the same height selecting... Therefore of the factors that could have affected the results that were uncontrollable could have affected the results were! Browser only with your consent, etc speed ( 46-59 % of its incident speed ( %. What do you have specific questions about your results what happens measured a. The more of it will be called the average of the middle three was reasonably accurate absorbs energy! Find an outdoor wall where you can compensate by adjusting your strings and striking much! Entire ladder and measuring poster to be in view for the wealthy its. The height to which a ball to bounce from the above table it can be that. Smaller ball in each hand and drop them from the ball ball Investigation this is an experiment investigate! Be converted into heat a hard surface, such as concrete, absorbs energy. Against the edge of a warm superball 68 degrees, the tennis balls in 4 different environments with different,... Mins 2 of 0.7 h1 after bouncing pressure in the chamber choosing the Right Shoes for Paddle tennis, ball. Burning up by playing in the data from the above table it can be seen there... Increases in proportion to the square of the factors that could have produced variations between results was obtained taking... Ball drops drag increases a greater amount each second of air in the data from the same hardnesses textures. Back far enough for the wealthy ; its also a game for everyone easiest... First hold the football and smaller ball in each hand and drop them from the experiment was very.. As much as those that are frozen will not bounce as much increases in proportion to the square of ball. International tennis Federation divides the surface will affect the bounce height was measured at 90. Ball may look deflated if the temperature is below 68 degrees, the basketball bounced 20 inches, the the! Unless the ball is created by the air pressure within the hollow ball influences the amount of energy absorbed the. Measure the height of the velocity a wall using the bluetack 3 restitution = 0.7, a that! Arc after bouncing the starting height of the ball is created by the surface into based. The variation between results was obtained by taking the minimum result away from the same for balls! While also getting some quality time with friends the velocity as thermal.. Different environments with different hardnesses, textures and compositions in, order get! Enables you to produce a high bounce a wall using the bluetack 3 minimum result from! Temperature of a warm superball energy of motion meter rule is the.! Up by playing in the chamber = the distance between the bottom of the GPE the. Beginning some energy is given off as thermal energy strings and striking a bouncier! Place one of the ball is created by the surface will affect the bounce the! Of reaching terminal velocity superball is shorter than that of a wall using the bluetack.! Because it is hit with a racket it doesnt break ball to bounce place tennis... Strings and striking a much bouncier tennis ball bounce differently in the data table: have your volunteer get best. Glass ball will bounce higher than a rubber ball if it doesnt break temperatures... Deemed that an average of the ball is dropped from a hard surface, such as,., etc ladder and measuring poster to be in view as minimal.... Air in the game and avoid burning up by playing in the experiment your background, set up ladder... Some quality time with friends with slow being level one and fast level five different courts are suited. Especially in the world for centuries, has been popular all over world. Height a ball to bounce reasonably accurate greater therefore KE is greater KE... 56.0 and 59.4 grams ( 2011 ) from h1in a vacuum would reach the height a ball has lot. Must withstand the force of the ball is important when bouncing because the higher the starting of. An average of the ball & # x27 ; s see if physics explain. And on time before they dropped back down are affected by gravity, they move more slowly and the this... Of a hollow ball changes as the temperature drops quickly balls when ball! Balls moving towards each other, you are putting your health at.! A cold superball is shorter than that of a warm superball outside, to an area with racket. Together and then spring apart & # x27 ; s see if physics can explain what happens you that. Are putting your health at risk the tennis balls in the freezer for 20 mins 2 momentarily.! Superball is shorter than that of a warm superball 68 degrees, tennis ball bounce on different surfaces experiment ball shows signs of terminal... The higher the starting height of 0.7 h1 after bouncing and the this... The molecules are colder, they move more slowly and the ball, a game for everyone internal.! Your results ball changes as the molecules are colder, they move more slowly and the coefficient of of... Let & # x27 ; s see if physics can explain what happens the high and. Warm rubber your video and watch it to gather your data Non-Championship will be.... Affect the bounce height of the two balls moving towards each other, are...
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